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Buying fuel looks, from a distance, like buying anything else. You ask for a price, you accept one, the product arrives, you pay. In practice, a bunker stem is a sequence of six or seven distinct stages, each generating its own document, and the buyer's leverage in any subsequent dispute is determined almost entirely by what was done, or not done, at the right stage. The uncomfortable truth of most bunker claims is that they were lost before anyone knew there was a problem. T

In normal market conditions, demurrage disputes are a routine feature of the shipping industry; frustrating, often contentious, but generally predictable in their mechanics. In a market shaped by the kind of disruption we are currently seeing in the Persian Gulf, with vessels stranded, ports congested, and voyage timelines collapsing, demurrage claims are going to multiply in volume and complexity at a rate the industry has not seen in decades. What Demurrage Actually Is Demu